Victor Emmanuel II
VICTOR EMMANUEL II (–; ruled –), first king of Italy.
Victor Emmanuel (born 14 March ) took the throne of the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia at age twenty-eight. He succeeded his father, Charles Albert (r. –), who abdicated after the Austrians defeated Piedmontese forces at the Battle of Novara in Twelve years later, 17 March , with all but Venice, Rome, Trieste, and the Trentino united under the aegis of Piedmont, he accepted the title King of Italy.
When he took power in , Victor Emmanuel II endorsed the constitution granted by his father the year before and reluctantly agreed to Austria's stiff terms for an armistice. Parliament rejected the armistice, and the new king dissolved it (29 March ) and called new elections only to see the voters reaffirm democratic control. The king dissolved the Chamber again and appealed to the people to return a more favorable majority with the Proclamation of Moncalieri, 20 November This time moderates took charge (9 December ), and they endorsed the peace treaty with Austria on 5 January
Victor Emmanuel's ability to stand up to the Austrians and to undercut the democrats without using force or violating the constituti
Victor Emmanuil II
| First king of a united Italy (). Date of Birth: Country: Italy |
Content:
- Biography of Victor Emmanuel II
- Efforts Toward Peace and Independence
- Increased Role as King
- Proclamation as King of Italy
- Support for the Left
Biography of Victor Emmanuel II
Victor Emmanuel II was the first king of unified Italy from to He was also the king of Sardinia (Piedmont) from and the king of Italy from He received military and religious education. During his father's reign, Charles Albert, he did not involve himself in state affairs, but displayed great determination when the king abdicated the throne after the Battle of Novara on March 23, , leaving him with a defeated army and a country engulfed in revolution.
Efforts Toward Peace and Independence
Victor Emmanuel II made personal efforts to achieve peace with Austria, which resulted in the Austro-Piedmontese Peace Treaty on August 6, These efforts preserved the independence of Sardinia and allowed the development of parliamentary forms of government, leading to the resurgence of Sardinia as a leading force in Italy's fight for liberation against Austria. Victor Emmanuel II personally supported th
Victor Emmanuel II
Childhood and Early Life
Victor Emmanuel was the son of Charles Albert, Prince of Carignano and Maria Theresa of Austria. In , when his father became King of Sardinia-Piedmont and Victor Emmanuel became the Duke of Savoy.
Rise to Fame
Victor Emmanuel was involved in the First Italian War of Independence () and was present at the battles of Santa Lucia, Goito, Custoza, and Pastrengo alongside his father, King Charles Albert. After a military defeat by the Austrians at the Battle of Novara, the king abdicated, and Victor Emmanuel became King of Sardinia-Piedmont ().
King of Sardinia-Piedmont
Peace with Austria was successfully negotiated in , a revolt in Genoa was suppressed and Victor Emmanuel appointed Count Camillo Benso of Cavour Prime Minister of Piedmont-Sardinia in and suppressed the Republicans. Victor Emmanuel fought at the battles of Magenta and Solferino. He was also involved in Garibaldi’s conquest of Naples and Sicily, but when he led his army into the papal territory, Pius IX excommunicated him from the Catholic Church.
King of Italy
In , Victor Emmanuel was crowned King of Italy. He was an important f
Victor Emmanuel, II Biography
Victor Emmanuel II () was king of Sardinia from to and then the first king of Italy until He worked to free Italy from foreign control and became a central figure of the movement for Italian unification.
The son of Charles Albert, Prince of Savoy-Carignano, Victor Emmanuel was born at Turin on March 14, His education was not thorough or varied, its content being restricted largely to military and religious training. In his youth he took little interest in affairs of state, preferring to spend his time in the study of military strategy and tactics. In he married Adelaide, the daughter of Archduke Rainer of Austria.
Throne of Sardinia
During the War of with Austria, Victor Emmanuel fought courageously at the head of a division. Notwithstanding bravery and zeal, the Piedmontese forces suffered defeat at the battle of Novara, and in March Charles Albert abdicated as king of Sardinia
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